Catharine Beecher and Charlotte Perking Gilman Essay

In the article â€Å"Catharine Beecher and Charlotte Perking Gilman: Architects of female power† the author attempts to compare and contrast the convictions and beliefs of Charlotte Gilman and, her great-aunt, Catharine Beecher. One of the most important factors that is seen repeatedly in the article, is the concept that the environment encompassing the home is the center of all commerce for a woman. This thought process continues to build and establishes the idea that what begins in the home continues to radiate out into the lives of the woman and her family. Each female author further attempted to define the roles of a woman directly corresponding with the roles beginning in a woman’s private life and extending into the public life. Although Catharine Beecher and Charlotte Gilman had completely different interpretations of this ideology, the fact that the foundation of the argument was the same purports that the concept, regardless of interpretation, could have some b asis on reality. The author of this article, Valerie Gill, very thoroughly cites from not only Catharine Beecher’s books â€Å"A Treatise on Domestic Economy† and â€Å"American Woman’s Home,† but also from Charlotte Gilman’s book â€Å"Moving the Mountain† and several of her lectures and articles including an article titled â€Å"Applepieville.† Gill (1998) states, that â€Å"Like Catharine Beecher, Gilman links the role of the women to the general health of the social system; the dependent and isolated situation of women in their homes†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (p. 2). Gill (1998) goes on to further state that â€Å"In spite of their different strategies for defining and locating women, however, Beecher and Gilman share an interest in the topography of female experience† and that â€Å"Both writers conceptualize the identity of women in spatial as well as socioeconomic terms, assuming that the fulfillment of their own sex can be quite literally mapped o ut.† (p. 2). The article then moves into much greater detail, analyzing each woman’s many forms of printed material. The extent and degree of information and detail written in this article about each represented author and their contributing works can ultimately be  seen as one of the articles main strengths. However, although this article gives a vast amount of information on the women’s opinions and beliefs the article at times seems disassembled and erratic. The flow of the article is somewhat hard to follow, and without an increased measure of concentration, the ability of the reader to comprehend and decipher whom the author is speaking of can be lost. Also, with the extensive amounts of information and detail that each female author contributes to the argument, readers are bombarded with data to interpret and distinguish upon. With the author of the article not decisively choosing the strongest points of argument from each author, the information becomes overwhelming and possibly confusing at times. The article â€Å"Catharine Beecher and Charlotte Perking Gilman: Architects of female power† attempts to give readers two different perspectives of a woman’s role in her home and how this affects her presence in society. Readers are given a multitude of supporting facts from both women’s interpretations on the topic. This fact, in certain circumstances, proves to be not only a strength of the article but also a weakness. Regardless of how each woman author interpreted these ideals, the simple fact remains clear that each assumed the role and presence of a woman becomes clearly defined as beginning in the home. References Gill, V. (1998). â€Å"Catharine Beecher and Charlotte Perking Gilman: Architects of female power†. Journal of American Culture, 21 (2). Retrieved from http://ctcdns02.ctcd.edu:2122/search/multiSearch.do;jsessionid=F6C4B68D9202464AFE8BAF1AC27987B8

My position with flatworld

In this third era of globalization described by Thomas Friedman, the world has shrank from small to tiny and made it a flat playing field.   It is not about nations and states that compete globally but individuals doing research to create the best software in line with the fiber optic technology and broadband. Suddenly, a person from Los Angeles is talking to his product manufacturer in Cebu, Philippines through video chat and almost in real time. The best news for everyone is that this technology is getting better and more affordable so everyone may have access. The world is breaking barriers so a person who wants to excel in the field of information system and technology must have prudence and cunning to be the best in the field. The existing convention of our system information engineers in the corporate business includes the analyses of operations, inventory, salary, and etcetera. To conquer the field in a more competitive ground, one must be able to look at the world’s convention, its potential and be able to predict. In other words, one has to have foresight. I am currently interested in furthering studies and research in Geographical Information system. â€Å"It is a system for capturing, storing, analyzing and managing data and associated attributes which are spatially referenced to the earth. In the strictest sense, it is a computer system capable of integrating, storing, editing, analyzing, sharing, and displaying geographically-referenced information. In a more generic sense, GIS is a tool that allows users to create interactive queries (user created searches), analyze the spatial information, edit data, maps, and present the results of all these operations† (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_information_system). I believe that the world has to have a bigger layout of the existing environment so one would be able to make a good feasibility study and ultimately a good decision. The competition in this line of project and business is yet scarce, in fact one has to invest so much for a universal GIS to be used anywhere in the world. My vision would be to create a language for the GIS to make it universal. Germany, China and other countries have developed their own GIS yet it would not be understandable or would need a translation for another person in Greece, for example, to read it. Perhaps, this system would get be more valuable for everyone if a Universal Platform GIS will be available to everyone.   I will have to start mapping in the United States territory first, in my own country where I will be able to create a good market and then expand in the real world setting. The more data there is in the GIS system which must include the people, animals and plants (read: the GIS system should not be limited to infrastructures and highways alone) the more it is attractive to the market. The more information, the more the system will be useful for every person in every field. My idea is to use the existing network of Information System schools and universities and create a database of demography, topography, ecosystem, field engineering, infrastructures, highways and even waterways. This information will be mapped in the Universal Platform GIS and create a multi-dimensional overlay that is user-friendly, even a grade-schooler will be able to operate it. Although the main idea is to market it to corporate investors and larger business scales from farming, to food chains, to manufacturers and even foresters, an ordinary person would still be ale to use it in his own car, for example, where it would work like a â€Å"telenav† device (maps out a certain locality based on network provider) but with more overlays. Of course, with the Universal Platform GIS, it will be able to create a customized program which is web-based that a person that would not be so technical would be empowered to use the system without any qualms. In a businessman’s benefit, for example, where he wishes to invest on creating a Mc Donald outlet in the suburbs in India, he would only log-in to my website with his username and password and the needed information on the demographics in a suburb in New Delhi would be available. Information, like the number of potential customers because the target customers of the food outlet would be children, adolescents and young adults, he would know the potential market in the area. He would also be equipped with the average income of the people and the potential market and profit. A good area on where to position the infrastructure would be available upon further research in the area because the database would also include a good topography which is multi-dimensional. Sources of supplies for the product would be available for the customer since a list of businesses in the area and nearest farms are available in the website.   To make this universal platform more friendly, a customer service representative is available 24/7 for any questions that he may need about the area and a person in the locality, who would be very familiar with the area will answer his questions. Another application would be a person in the University of Texas doing his research on a remote area in Africa, he would need information about the number of grasslands, the number of forest lands and the number of desert land in the area. Aside from that, the researcher would also be able to find an updated inventory of the number of flora and fauna in the area because the business of Universal Platform GIS would include a yearly subscription for updates on a specific area. An accurate number of plants and animals would be available for the customer depending on his existing need. My system is connected to any existing credible groups in the area so that an expert would also be available in the area for any specific questions that might need a real person’s answer. So, a real-time expert’s opinion would be available for the university researcher for more precise information. Therefore, information in the research would be exact and much updated. A French person in Guatemala who is trapped in the middle of nowhere who is having an asthma attack would just need to hit an emergency care button on her online Universal Platform GIS and she would be able to see the nearest rescue service in her area. She will be given information on estimated time of arrival of any rescue service as well as she can monitor through her mobile phone screen where the rescue services are already through the artificial intelligence that is incorporated in the system. His anxieties would also be lessened because of the continuous update on his rescue service is also available. A client would feel safe and secure anywhere he would be in the world even if language obviously is a barrier.   The program will be able to transcend from any existing obstacle because it is customized already to the needs and the personality of the person using it. In this line of business ownership, one must be able to maintain the security systems of the software so potential hackers would not be able to bug the system. Since the software is web-based, a pool of experts is also partners in the service to continuously monitor the safekeeping of the information and its management. The system must have a login protocol for authentication so that the information would be protected.   This should also be continuously updated with the systems of each user so that they would also feel secure with the information that they are getting. The future of the Information System in business should be equipped with foresight that should keep all data in any given environment and locality is available for everyone’s use. The startup of the GIS would be very costly; however, the business side of it is endless. To be able to keep the line of business, my next role would be to continuously update the system. The more information there is available, the more appeal it would be for every potential person in the market.   

Death of a Best Friend

It was In a sixth grade classroom with about twenty strangers, where I learned my best friend would not return to school. The sun glaring through the window nearly blinded me as I turned away from the class to hide my tears. Facing away from the quiet room, still knew everyone's eyes were fixed on the teacher as they waited on her to say something else. After sitting in silence for what seemed like forever, the class turned their attention to the school guidance counselor frantically rushing Into the room.I kept my position toward the window until she hurried over to my desk and told me my parent's were there to check me out of school. It was the most unusual feeling I had ever felt. I had been to a few funerals before and I had even lost both of my grandparent's, but losing Alison was different; it was unlike anything I had ever experienced. It seemed so unreal because Just the day before I was sitting in the same seat talking to her. How strange it is that someone can be so full of life, but in Just a short moment God can take them away.In that one short moment I lost so much. I lost the person I could confide In, the first person I told my secrets to, and the one I could be my complete self around. Friends like Alison do not come along everyday. On August 16th, 2006, only the third day at my new school, I found out how strange death is. Though some may not understand because they have never experienced it, the death of a best friend is easily the most painful feeling; it is an experience full of mixed emotions and countless life changing realizations.On that third morning of school, our teacher, Ms. Andy, calmly announced to the class that Alison was in a wreck on the way to school. The only thing I could think about was how mad I had been at my parent's for not allowing me to ride to school with Alison and her brother. The entire school, which could not have been more than here hundred people, met In the gym to pray. Mr.. Skipper, our headmaster, prayed int o the microphone, but while he spoke I did not listen; I prayed a special prayer of my own. After Mr..Skipper said â€Å"Amen,† he proceeded to tell us Alison had to be flown to Birmingham. I knew that meant she was seriously Injured. Then, the bell rang and silently walked to break with some girls Alison Introduced me to. While I sat at the table attempting to eat my breakfast, I could not help noticing the teachers crying. With hope that they were not crying about Alison, I walked nervously to the classroom after the second bell rang. I slowly returned to my seat, where I would soon learn that when Allison helicopter reached the hospital. He was pronounced dead. Seven years ago on August 16th, my life was forever changed. Alison was the type of person that had that effect on people; she made an impact on so many people's lives even before her death. She began to influence my life the day I met her in pre-school and has continued to Influence me after that atrocious day. Ali son taught me so much, but the most precious thing being what a true friend is. Alison was the type of friend hat told me what I needed to know regardless of whether I wanted to hear it or not.She was someone who never got on my nerves even after being together for days. She was the first person I would go to when I made plans, needed someone to talk to, or needed to be cheered up. Alison not only showed me what to look for In a friend, but she also taught me how to be a good friend. Soon after she died, her death 1 OFF away from Him, but when I miss Alison I pray. On earth and in Heaven, Alison has brought me closer to God. Losing her was the hardest thing I have ever done, but it made the most important difference in my life.

Business Ethics, Governance and Social Responsibility Assignment - 1

Business Ethics, Governance and Social Responsibility - Assignment Example 36). Moreover, corporate social responsibility has over the decades become a prominent cornerstone for most institutions of the world (Valenti et al., 2014, p. 1). Corporate social responsibility has recently been viewed as one of the fundamental practices that have contributed to the success of most organizations of the world (Lindgreen et al., 2009, p.14). Different scholars have argued that there is no single organization that can achieve its goals and objectives without practicing proper business ethics, proper corporate governance and properly implementing corporate social responsibility (CSR). Further, it is through corporate governance that proper business ethics and corporate social responsibilities are implemented in a company. Over the decades, Boeing has grown to be one of the largest automobile manufacturers of the world. It has also grown to be one of the best companies globally. The company has provided employment for more than one hundred and sixty eight thousand four hundred American citizens. The company has a good track of corporate governance and leadership since it was founded in 1916. Recently, Boeing Company won an award in 2012 following its continued interest in building better communities of the world. Nevertheless, one of the core values of Boeing Company is to do business with the highest possible ethical standards while at the same time honoring all of its commitments to its shareholders. Boeing management is mandated to treat all of its customers with fairness, trust and respect. Not long ago, Boeing was forced to fire two of its executive officers when the company was found in possession of documents that belonged to one of its competitors and were to be used in favor of winning a contract from the government. The two employees strongly violated the company’s code of conduct and this highly damaged the

Research Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Research Proposal - Essay Example Deeper analysis of the marketing mix will provide an adequate understanding of the concept hence accurate strategies. The following is a framework that will aide in conducting studies on marketing mix. The framework provides the rationale, research questions and objectives, review of literature, methodology, and ethical problems. Rationale Contemporary business organizations continue to experience increased competition hence the need to have effective marketing strategies. In order to make a marketing strategy effective, there is need for every stakeholder involved to ensure that various components of marketing are protected (Iacobucci, 2012: 116). The main components of marketing include product, price, promotion, and place. Every effective market strategy balances between the product, price, promotion, and place. A poor balance or composition of each of the four components definitely leads to ineffective marketing strategy (Wenderoth, 2009: 52). Imperatively, effective marketing st rategies continue to appeal to many customers (Meyer, 2010: 78). Given the appeal that effective marketing strategies have on customers, every business enterprise needs to structure their promotional tools in a way that would incorporate the other three marketing components proportionately (Fried, 2005:48). Despite the many studies conducted on how to attain an appropriate marketing mix for the purposes of enhancing the marketing strategies, there is need for a more detailed research study especially in the contemporary environment where there has been dynamisms within tastes, preferences, fashions, and other components. As a result, the following is a research proposal, which provides adequate literature review, methodology, and ethical problems. The framework will be useful in conducting a quantitative analysis in respect to marketing mix. Research Questions and Objectives The main aim of this study is to establish how to develop appropriate marketing mix strategies that would not only be effective to a business enterprise but also appeal to the customers. Therefore, this study aims at finding answers to different questions that include: 1. What percentage of customers within soft drink sector consider price as the most determining marketing mix component in making buying decisions? 2. How does the buying decisions of consumers within the soft drink industry affected by product market mix? 3. Are consumers’ buying decisions based on perceptions in respect to products of soft drink firms affected by promotion market mix? 4. What impact does place as a market mix has on the buying behaviours and decisions of consumers within the soft drink industry? Based on the above research questions, the objectives of this research study in respect to the marketing mix strategies include: 1. To identify the percentage of customers within soft drink sector that consider price as the most determining marketing mix component in making buying decisions. 2. To establish the changes in consumers buying decisions on the basis of soft drink products. 3. To evaluate the changing perceptions of consumers towards soft drink produced on the basis of promotion as a market mix 4. To identify the impact of place on the buying decisions of consumers towards soft drinks. The above four questions and objectives cut across the marketing mix elements and components hence

Tuskegee Syphilis Study Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Tuskegee Syphilis Study - Research Paper Example There were 600 subjects, all who were African American men. There were a total of 399 men who tested positive from syphilis and 201 who were not infected. The objective of the study was to learn the effects of Syphilis on men. Upon the discovery of penicillin, it was not administered to those who were sick. When the study began, rules and guidelines on how to treat human beings in an experimental study had not been developed. As the study went on regulations on how to treat human subjects were coined. Tuskegee Syphilis Study ignored the guideline; hence, it became one of the most unethical studies ever conducted on human beings (Baker, 1260). Public health law created by Henderson Act in 1943 directed all people who had been diagnosed with syphilis to get penicillin treatment. Penicillin had been prescribed as the best treatment appropriate and safe for syphilis. The Tuskegee Syphilis Study failed to comply. World health Organization in 1964 through a declaration presented regulations on how human subjects should be treated in a study. In Tuskegee Syphilis Study, the subjects were not given treatment. Lack of treatment exposed the subjects to possible death. Tuskegee Syphilis Study ignored the regulations which implied that the value of human life was higher than the results of the study. Moreover, the declaration required a study to be discontinued if it causes harm to the subjects. The benefits of the study should be abandoned if the study endangered the subjects. Additionally, the consent of the human subjects was made mandatory and should be written before the study commences. Tuskegee Syphilis Study did not get the consent of the subject, nor did they inform them what the research entailed. They thought they were benefitting from the medical procedures (Gray, 35). Curran (730) mentions that, the Tuskegee Syphilis Study completely failed to follow the ethics and did not give protection to the subjects. After the introduction of

Carbon monoxide emissions from automobile related to the greenhouse Essay

Carbon monoxide emissions from automobile related to the greenhouse effect and how it negatively affects the US economy - Essay Example This discussion will examine the role automobile emissions play in global warming, briefly explain the phenomenon, its effects on the environment and the economic consequences to the U.S. The rising levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere are becoming increasingly disconcerting. Worldwide, â€Å"carbon dioxide emissions are increasing by four percent a year† (Miller, 1990: 450). Eighty percent of the world’s population accounts for just 35 percent of CO2 emissions while the United States is responsible for generating nearly half. Automobiles are the main cause of air pollution with toxins emitted from stacks at coal-burning electric power plants running a close second (Breuer, 1980: 70). In addition to CO2 emissions, vehicles emit carbon monoxides (CO), hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), all of which contribute to global warming (Energy Information Administration, 2004). As the balance between the CO2 levels in the ocean and atmosphere is disturbed by interjecting increasing amounts of CO2, the oceans continually absorb higher concentrations than it does naturally. The subsequent warming ocean waters are less effective in their ability to absorb CO2. At increased temperatures, the atmospheric water vapor and resulting precipitation will be proportionately higher. (Schroeder, 2007) The more rapid water recycling rate due to the greenhouse effect will result in heavier rainfall amounts and the number of extreme rainfall events. Higher rainfall rates will cause increased tropical storm intensity in addition to the warmer temperatures. Hurricanes may be even more frequent and intense than presently predicted. Scientists universally forecast that global warming will melt glaciers causing a rise of sea-levels which will hasten erosion resulting in the loss of vast areas of land. The change will bring about elevated storm

Introduction to Estimation and Analysis of Variance Research Paper

Introduction to Estimation and Analysis of Variance - Research Paper Example The One – Way ANOVA is thus named, since it compares the variance of the different groups as a function of one Independent Variable. The ANOVA can only be conducted if certain conditions have been met – the data collected is either on an equal interval or ratio scale; the cases are independent of each other, the data comes from a normally distributed population, and that the population variance for the groups is equal. An example of a situation in which it would be possible to apply the One – Way ANOVA static would be one in which the efficacy of different training methods was to be measured. Suppose that a group of novices was to be taught a particular trade, and there were a number of ways in which the novices could be trained. It is possible to study the results of different kinds of training on group’s o novices and use the One – Way ANOVA to identify the most effective training method. ... Thus the levels of the independent variable are categorical; and exclusive. For this example, it is possible to examine four types of training methods – Classroom teaching; On-the-job training; Guided Practice, and Simulation Training. Thus, the Independent variable – Type of Training – now has four levels - Classroom teaching; On-the-job training; Guided Practice, and Simulation Training. The effect of these techniques is tested on the way in which the individual completes a day of independent activity at the end of the training period. Thus, it is possible to say that at the end of the training period, the novices are tested to evaluate their level of learning. On the basis of this understanding it is possible to say that the Dependent Variable in this example is the Learning Exhibited by the novice, as measured by a test of skill. If this experiment were to be conducted; it would require the testing of a hypothesis. The null hypothesis for a One – Way A NOVA is – â€Å"There is no difference between the groups on learning that may be associated with the type of training†. Assuming that the study expected to find a difference in the learning exhibited; the alternative hypothesis â€Å"There will be a significant difference in the learning exhibited by novices as a function of the training method† may be put forth. In the event that there is a significant difference between the four groups – that is – the ANOVA static is significant at the chosen level; it becomes necessary to conduct a Post – Hoc test like the Tukey’s HSD. This is because, a significant ANOVA result indicates that there is a significant difference between the groups; but it does not indicate which groups differ significantly from each other. In order to ascertain this; i9t is

Analyse a Particular Scenario from an Information Systems Perspective Essay

Analyse a Particular Scenario from an Information Systems Perspective Using Data Flow Diagrams - Essay Example Table of Contents Table of Contents 3 Introduction 4 Discussion and Analysis 4 Scenario Part A 4 1. Context Diagram 4 2. Level zero Data Flow Diagram 5 Scenario Part B 6 3. Principles and Ethics Company should follow 6 4. Recommendation from Helen to the training team 7 Conclusion and Recommendations 8 Reference 9 Appendix 10 Introduction Managing the Human Resource department is one of the major issues of the organization. Often due to the inefficient handling of HR department lead to the dissatisfaction of employees and generates problems in the organization. This report is concerned with the solution for certain issues in an organization on two different scenarios. The system department is responsible to identify the cause of the problems and recommend a feasible solution to the general manager to cope with the issues which arises in the HR department for an efficient organization of the different tasks in the company. The flow of data and transparencies along with ethical duties which the organization should follow are two main aspects evaluated by the system department for the company. ... It gives the top level view of the whole system giving a clear view of the input and the output from the system. In the given scenario A the primary reason for the dissatisfaction amongst the employees is due to lack of transparency amongst the departments and the HR department. While designing the context diagram it is ensures to keep links between the different departments and the HR for an effective communication between the two and the information transferred between the two are then submitted to the management on a weekly and monthly basis. All the departments of the organization like Accounts, Manufacturing, Marketing and Research and Development are connected directly with the HRD for easy flow of information like leave and vacancy information between the departments and effective quick response for the employees from the HR. The HR department is connected with the General Manager and the publishers and the government departments for producing reports and advertisements on cer tain occasions. The context diagram design for the scenario A is attached with the appendix in this report for a clear view of the system. 2. Level zero Data Flow Diagram While context diagram gives an overall view if the system, Data Flow Diagram represents the network of the system with all the components which might be operated automatically or manually. It gives the idea of the individual components which interfaces with the core component. The main focus of designing Data Flow Diagram is to represent the flow of data between the external entities and the core system and the process involved with the database in managing information and effective flow of data (Pcbfaculty, n.d.). The data flow diagram for the scenario A is attached with the appendix of the report

Over the next 30 years, what are the risks to National Security posed Essay - 2

Over the next 30 years, what are the risks to National Security posed by increased competition for energy and food resources; and what initiatives might Qatar pursue to reduce these risks - Essay Example Massive reliance on imports poses the risk of biological or chemical attack, or even intentional food contamination by international suppliers1. There is, therefore, a critical concern to national security when a country relies heavily on international supplies. Another key risk relates to price factors in both food and energy. Economic and political disturbances around the world spread shockwaves to the affected states. In such an event, Qatar and other GCC members would be on the receiving end. The influence of global states when it comes to prices could cripple domestic operations designed to enhance national security. In other words, food security that primarily depends on international trade comes with price-based risks2. Finally, the risk of terrorism will heighten as competition for food and energy increases. To reduce these risks, Qatar will need to secure her imports from around the world, as well as enhance food security at the domestic level3. Most importantly, initiatives to dismantle extremist groups and terrorists will play a fundamental role in reducing threats to national

Implications of an Intelligence Success or Failure Assignment

Implications of an Intelligence Success or Failure - Assignment Example If we go by the memory lane, we find noticeable success of USA. Few of them are end of Cold War era, Soviet collapse, Gulf War, overthrown unpopular regimes in Iraq, Egypt and Libya, targeting and netting most wanted terrorist of the world including Osama Bin Laden besides tracking down Lockerbie shooters from Libyan territory (Zegart, 2005). Intervention of American CIA in Chile The role of American Intelligence Agencies from intervention to overthrown of hostile governments are not hidden from any one. Americans do not compromise at the cost of American interest, be it Chile or any other country of the globe. How the Chilean people forgot the American intervention in their country during the Presidency of Mr. Ford. The intervention came in the month of September 1974, apparently to keep intact freedom of print and electronic media besides protection of democratic rights of the political parties in the best interest of the American and the Chilean people ("Senate select intelligence ," 1976). Later on, the Senate committee justified the cited direct action of the American Intelligence Agency in which an elected government of Marxist President Salvador was toppled. The intrusion of CIA lasted more than a decade in Chile, costing around USD 13million to the exchequer of USA ("Senate select intelligence," 1976). Impact of Success of Intelligence Agencies of USA The success of intelligence agencies of USA in different parts of the world makes the United States of America an apex power of the World. Political abuses of American FBI The historical perspective of political abuse of FBI is multidimensional. The first one is the subservience of President and its associates, ready... Implications of an Intelligence Success or Failure Its information relates to enemy would be of great help to locate the enemy and to decide which tactics and weapons when properly uses, would be instrumental in winning war against the enemy in an specific area (Richelson, 1995). The intelligence agency shoulders three sorts of intelligence task. As a first step, it is to gather material information for assessment. The second step is to examine the enemy’s capabilities, nefarious designs against the country. Accordingly take measures to respond internal and external threats. The third step of this process requires production and dissemination.  On the basis of gathered information and analysis, the cited agency enables to compose finished intelligence reports for the perusal of military and civilian incumbents.   The primary responsibility of an intelligence officer is to make decision and to take action accordingly. Intelligence officers have to work closely with the policy makers and armed forces to get the job done in a n effective way (Richelson, 1995). Discussion Success of USA Intelligence Soon after the Second World War, the then President of USA Mr. Truman specifically focused on Defense and Intelligence Agencies to enhance its capabilities to combat with the increasing menace of Communism and the survival of free civilization ("Senate select intelligence," 1976). The success and failures of American Intelligence Agencies are crystal clear. Their latest move to find out Osama Bin Laden in Pakistan proved successful. This has endorsed the efficiencies of its spy agencies.

Writing Locations posted on course website Essay Example for Free

Writing Locations posted on course website Essay Important Notice: Anyone who is not able to write the exam on the scheduled date must provide documentation validating his/her absence, i.e. doctor’s note confirming illness and inability to write exam dated the day of the exam. Once documentation is received and approved by your professor, the value of your midterm will be added to your final exam. If valid documentation is not provided, the midterm mark will be a zero. 20 Multiple Choice questions 15 Short Answer questions, 2 to 6 marks each (80 marks total) TOPICS TO BE COVERED: The relationship between the firm and its external environment Critical success factors: what they are, why they are important, how they connect to each other Diamond-E model: key variables, connections among variables, principal logic, examples External analysis what it is, how to conduct one, general vs. specific environments, benefits and challenges of conducting one PEST factors: elements, impact on business, questions to answer from PEST analysis Porter’s five forces model: explanation of each force’s impact on industry profitability, methods of reducing the impact of each force, strategic questions it answers, industry examples Entrepreneurship what it is, what the key elements are, its significance  entrepreneurial process elements, influences, and connection with Diamond-E components of opportunity recognition  how to screen and evaluate opportunities for viability and competitive advantage high versus low potential ventures  how to access resources, bootstrapping, pros and cons of financing options social entrepreneurship: what it is, key facets, stakeholders, how it compares to traditional entrepreneurship, how it compares to charity, examples Technological Factors  opportunities and threats of technology   technology standard wars – description, impact, scope  installed base, lock-in, switching costs, complementary goods, network effects – description, importance, example key assets and strategies to win technology standards wars sustaining technologies – what they offer, who they serve, examples disruptive technologies – what they offer, who they serve, examples, why disruptive innovations can cause large firms to fail, how different types of innovations challenge existing firms tactics for small companies to succeed and for large companies to avoid failure Citing sources and APA Formatting -objectives, rules, methodology Relevant Readings/Materials Pearson Textbook: Chapters 1,2 Lab Manual:Technology Readings (directions for accessing on pg. 199) Introduction to Writing and Using Sources How to Use Sources APA Documentation Style APA In-text Citation Format Pearson resources on citing and using APA format Cases are not covered on the exam. SUGGESTED STUDY APPROACH: For each topic identify questions that may appear on the exam. These questions can fall into four general categories: 1. What is it, what are the general elements of the topic 2. Why is it important, why are the individual elements important 3. How are the individual elements related to each other? How are they related to the topic? How does the topic or its elements relate to the topics? 4. Provide an example to help explain your answers and/or illustrate the elements and topics. YOU CAN DO IT – GOOD LUCK!!!

Use of Atomic Spectrometry in Pharmaceutical Analysis

Use of Atomic Spectrometry in Pharmaceutical Analysis Jie Pan Introduction Pharmaceutical analysis is a critical issue for human beings, not only to verify the effectiveness of drugs, but also for the safety issues. The toxicity of various elements has been well studied and documented for many years. There are many ways to prove effective elements or compounds in drugs. For more than 100 years, the main focus on standard for testing pharmaceuticals elements has been the Heavy Elements.[1] However, there is no clear definition of heavy elements has showed authority. Most of the concern regarding elements in pharmaceuticals was associated with following elements such as: antimony(Sb), arsenic(As), Cadmium(Cd), copper(Cu), iron(Fe), lead(Pb) and zinc(Zn). The purpose in detecting pharmaceutical materials is not just for drug products, the active pharmaceutical ingredients(API’s), raw material and intermediates for metals and metalloids also very important for analysis of drugs. For these reasons, atomic spectroscopy has been developed as one of the most powerful tool for detecting metals and metalloids in drugs.[2] Atomic Spectroscopy techniques Atomic spectroscopy involving the measurements of the optical properties of free atoms. An atomization source is a system for generating atomic vapor from a sample. Classification of atomic method is depends on the source: flame atomic absorption spectroscopy(FAAS), graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy(GFAAS), inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy(ICP-AES), direct-current argon plasma, electric arc and electric spark and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy(ICP-MS). Most common techniques of atomic spectroscopy are FAAS and GFAAS, which based on the Beer-Lambert Law. FAAS is considered to be less sensitive technique than GFAAS, with FAAS the sensitivities in the range of low parts per million(ppm, w/w), requiring milliliter quantities, while GFAAS is capable of low parts per billion(ppb. w/w) with requiring microliter quantities of sample. FAAS is considered the one with less-expensive and also easier skill level for an analyst as well as less time consuming when compared with GFAAS. Regardless of the technique, both FAAS and GFAAS require the use of a hollow cathode (HCL) or electrodeless discharge lamp (EDC) for each radiation source.[3] ICP-AES and ICP-MS have seen greater use within the pharmaceutical industry in more recent years. Both of the techniques can be applied for variety of sample types and capable of rapid, multi-element analyses. ICP-MS offering much greater sensitivity, which down to parts per trillion(ppt) than ICP-AES-pm to ppb, however, has more potential spectral interferences. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) is based on absorption of radiation by atoms. Main components included for AAS are: light source, sample holder, wavelength selector and detector. HCL (hollow cathode lamp) is the most common source, which applied for atomic absorption measurement.[4] Daryoush Afzali et. al. applied this technique on the detecting of palladium. Palladium is attracting a lot of attention in various fields including industry, technology and medicine. However, the long-term exposure to palladium may affect the human health. Therefore, it is our task to trace the residue of palladium, which is quite meaningful. A method for preconcentration of palladium on modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes columns has been developed. Palladium analysis requires analytical methods of high sensitivity, selectivity, and the control of interference effects. Previous research used GFAAS and ICP-MS to detect palladium, however, the mainly drawback is solvent extraction methods such as emulsion formation, different extracting efficiencies, and low sensitivity. Daryoush Afzali et. al. focused on repairing conventional solvent extraction methods for isolating environmental pollutants with solid phase extraction (SPE) techniques, which applied prior to spectrometric determination. Compared with liquid–liquid extraction, SPE utilizing solid so rbents are simpler and faster, reduce organic solvent consumption and yield higher enrichment factors. Different solid phase extractors such as Amberlite XAD resins, polyurethane foam, activated carbon, and silica gel with chelating groups have been the most widely used collectors. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been chosen as solid phase extractor because of its unique thermal, mechanical, electronic, and chemical properties. The extremely large surface area and the unique tubular structure make CNTs a promising adsorbent material. The modified method using multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), were oxidized with concentrated HNO3 and then modified with 5-(40-dimethylamino benzyliden)-rhodanine. Following with using as a solid sorbent for preconcentration of Pd(II) ions. The effects of experimental parameters, including pH of the sample solution, sample flow rate, eluent flow rate, and eluent concentration were investigated. The procedure offers a useful, rapid, and reliable enrich ment technique for preconcentration of Pd(II) in various samples. Under the optimum condition, palladium in aqueous samples was concentrated to about 200-fold.[5] ICP-AES and ICP-MS Inductively coupled plasma utilizes an argon plasma to excite and ionize elemental species, which is the most important feature of argon ICP plasma is the temperature can be achieved around 6000-10000 K. The ions formed by the ICP discharge are typically positive ions, M+ or M2+, therefore, elements that prefer to form negative ions such as Cl, I, F, etc., are very difficult to determine via ICP-AES. Samples are aspirated into the plasma by means of a nebulizer, which generates small droplets that pass through a spray chamber and then through the center tube of a concentric torch. Desolvation, vaporization, atomization and ionization of the sample occur in the high temperatures of the plasma, and the collisions of the ions and electrons of the argon plasma ionize and excite the analyte atoms. As the ions generated within the plasma pass into the mass spectrometer, the ions are separated in the magnetic field according to their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). Due to the heat of the plasma , the ionic components is reduced, the mass range for ICP-MS typically covers from 6 to 240 atomic mass units (amu). Therefore, offers an advantage over ICP-AESà £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡ The nature of interferences in ICP-MS is typically due to the formation of multiply charged ions, oxides and polyatomic isobaric interferences formed in the plasma.[2] Multi-elements detection in pharmaceutical analysis helps improve efficiency on analyzing and also reduce the sample amount. Its not only save our time, but also increase accuracy and explore more mechanism details in pharmacy. In a series of papers, by using ICP-AES to study the effects of aging. Tohno et al. measured multi-elements Ca, Mg, P and S in the four human cardiac valves showed that Ca and P accumulated most in the aortic valve, about 12–19 fold higher than in the tricuspid valve, which showed the least accumulation.[6-7] Lin and Jiang et. al. used slurry sampling of hypertensive drug tablets to introduce a dry aerosol for ETV-ICP-MS measurement of Cd, Cr, Mo, Pb, Pd and Pt. Electrothermal vaporization (ETV) is one of alternative technique to solution nebulization, which is coupled with ICP-MS. This new combination allows the possibility to perform direct analysis of solids. Most of the traditional techniques require sample pretreatment, such as acid digestion and d ry ashing. These pretreatment procedures bring issues such as time consuming, with the consequent risk of sample contamination and analyte loss. In this situation, Lin and Jiang et. al. proposed USS-ETV-ICP-MS as an alternative technique for the direct determination of Cr, Mo, Pd, Cd, Pt and Pb in three antihypertensive tablets (Cozaar, Norvasc and Bisoprolol). The innovative method by coupling electrothermal vaporization with ICP-MS provides a simple way to determine Cr, Mo, Pd, Cd, Pt and Pb in drug tablets without complicated sample pretreatment. By these means, the method precision was increased to 5% RSD (25% for Pt). Moreover, It has been demonstrated to be effective in alleviating various spectral interferences in ICP-MS analysis.[8] Conclusion For the patient safety perspectives, the need for the analysis of elements in pharmaceuticals to qualify product is becoming more important. Nowadays, since the variety of instrumental techniques, such as flame and graphite furnace AA, which is mature and traditional to newer technologies, ICP-AES and ICP-MS, make it possible to monitor multi-elements at same time with the concentration from sub-ppb’s to percent’s.[9-10] As we mentioned above, the selection of sample pretreatment is the key to the success of an analysis. The elimination of pretreatment of sample can be achieved now, which avoid risk of sample contamination and analyte loss. In the future, there is no doubt that detection limit will be reduced and the sensitivity of instrument will be increase. More sensitive technique such as ICP-MS and also modified ICP-MS will play an important role. Easier skill and low expenses of this technique should be developed. Only various techniques which can deal with diffic ult sample matrices and low limits of detection can help us to meet the challenges to address both product safety and product quality issues.[2, 11] References [1] A. Taylor, S. Branch, D. Halls, M. Patriarca, M. White, Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry 2002, 17, 414-455. [2] N. Lewen, Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis 2011, 55, 653-661. [3] M. Ahmed, M. A. Qadir, M. Q. Hussain, American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2014, 05, 674-680. [4] J. S, V. K, A. S, Int. J. Res. Pharm. Chem. 2012, 2, 146-163. [5] D. Afzali, R. Jamshidi, S. Ghaseminezhad, Z. Afzali, Arabian Journal of Chemistry 2012, 5, 461-466. [6] Y. Tohno, S. Tohno, T. Minami, Y. Moriwake, F. Nishiwaki, K. Hashimoto, H. Yamamoto, Biological Trace Element Research 2000, 77, 107. [7] Y. Tohno, Y. Takano, S. Tohno, Y. Moriwake, T. Minami, F. Nishiwaki, M. Yamada, M. Utsumi, K. Yuri, Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 2000, 77, 119. [8] M.-L. Lin, S.-J. Jiang, Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry 2011, 26, 1813. [9] A. Taylor, M. P. Day, S. Hill, J. Marshall, M. Patriarca, M. White, Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry 2013, 28, 425. [10] A. Taylor, M. P. Day, J. Marshall, M. Patriarca, M. White, Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry 2012, 27, 537. [11] N. H. Bings, J. O. Orlandini von Niessen, J. N. Schaper, Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy 2014, 100, 14-37.

Effects of Ethics on Production of Knowledge

Effects of Ethics on Production of Knowledge Aakashdeep Dhillon Ethical Judgement limit the methods available in the production of knowledge in both the arts and the natural sciences. Discuss. Ethics is a moral principle of an influencing conduct. It is a branch of knowledge that is  similar to moral principles. However, it is not the same as morals, rather is the study of morals. A  right or wrong is just an opinion, and most people have their own opinion what may be right or  wrong. However in ethics, nobodys views are any better or more right than someone else’s. A  person’s ethical views is based upon their society, and cultural they were raised in. What one  person in one society may consider as ethical, may not be considered ethical in another society. Without making a generalization in that sense, it makes it hard to produce knowledge, in the given  areas of knowledge. Personally moving from India to Canada in 2006, was a huge change as I had  switched from Eastern culture to the Western culture and in many ways, I had to change myself to  be ethically correct to be ethically correct here. Hence, the statement in the title does withhold this  fact of, ethical judgements do limit the methods available in the production of knowledge.   Judgement always play a vital role in critical moments, and to obtain the accuracy and  precision of a good judgement, the person must be in a good state, mentally and physically. Any  actions or decisions an artist makes about his piece of work, the artist needs to take into account the  moral responsibility, especially during the times that we are living in. The artists hold the  responsibility ethically, what is right and what is wrong. There may not be a specific law saying  something is wrong, but society may very well a negative reaction which may spiral into  something uncontrollable that may as well start a movement or a new era. This means the artist is  morally responsible for their work when working on their piece, which ultimately limits the method  for producing knowledge. On a personal level, I think an artist must have freedom to do what they want in their work  as it shows their perspective and possibly many others in the society around us inevitably giving us  more knowledge. However, a society as a whole, especially when in large numbers in a specific  area together have different opinions on the piece which they do not agree with and act negatively  towards this. Hence, there is a fine line from what is morally right in society and the artist should  know whether to cross that line or not, especially if the artists job is to please his audience. However, the â€Å"line† that we draw between the ethically correct and the ethically wrong is almost  impossible to make out where it is because it all depends on the subjective standards of society. What is ethical and what is not vary as explained before, different cultures and societies view  things in different perspectives. For example, when I moved from India to Canada, in middle  school my classmates and I had to get into pairs and make a powerpoint about an artist that was  assigned to us. During the presentations I saw a presentation about Michelangelo, and many of his  artwork and sculptures were of nude people. The teacher and the class watched the presentation  and seemed like they had no problems with it. I felt uncomfortable watching it and so I didn’t look  at it. Later, talking to the teacher, she explained it was simply an assignment and it had no other purpose. This opened my eyes to the culture and society here to the society in India when I was  there. A lot of his work would not be accepted in the Indian society and looked down upon as it is  disgracing the human body. Nude art evokes a sense of sexuality and the topic is very intimate and  of something that should be kept on a personal level that’s why it is frowned upon and something  that made me uncomfortable and forced me to react in such a manner. However, I grew  accustomed to it and learnt to deal with such things that I am not used to. I believe an artist uses  their pieces of art to express their feelings about things they feel are important in society or not, and  also art a lot of the times is also used to criticize and mock different areas in society specifically  things like politics or culture. This is where I believe the artists should have a higher ethical  responsibility for their work and think of what they are doing and what may happen. Ultimately,  which leads me to believe that because of ethical judgements the methods to produce knowledge  really are limited in the arts. In the area of knowledge of science, my point of view is the opposite of the arts. In science  I believe any actions the scientists take for their research should not have to worry about the moral  responsibilities. The job of a scientist is to provide the world with research and answers to  questions which is backed by sufficient facts. A job of scientist is to figure out the different things  in the world and how they are made, and what they are made of. Scientists provide us with  information that is beyond our natural understanding. They conduct experiments and write  researches for the world to understand how the world works and I believe ethical beliefs should not  limit them to provide us with information. I believe that every human being must be provided with the truth about their surroundings. If science, did not challenge the ethical boundaries set we may  not have known that the earth was round, or that the existence of god may be a myth. I believe if  sc ience does not question everything without the ethical boundaries many things that happen in the  world go unresolved or unanswered. However, my opinions are different from what the society  may believe in. For scientists, the study of earth and its surroundings isn’t the only they focus on, if you go  into depth scientists branch off into different fields and study other things, such as diseases present  in the world. Scientists must do experiments and write researches for medicines that work and not  work and which may cause harm to humans. Therefore, they conducts experiments on animal  subjects and sometimes even human subjects, to test if something may cause harm or trigger a  reaction. Many people in different societies believe every living thing has a right to live and testing  dangerous products on them and killing them in the process for anothers good is ethically incorrect. Personally, I volunteer at the hospital and on a tour for the hospital and all the different sections in  the hospital. During a tour, they also dissected a human being to show the inside of the human for  knowledge. Hence, the same thing happens in the medical school as they work with real subjects. I  believe it is vital to experiment and conduct tests to come up with a definite remedy if we want to  get to the root of the problems, hence, the scientists should be held morally responsible for the  application of discoveries. Moreover, I believe the ethical responsibility working with the human  subjects is the same as it is with the animal subjects. I believe it is important for the greater good of  society some must be used as experiments whether they are humans or animals. However, a good  majority of the society believes otherwise and believe that everyone is equal and deserves to live as  much as anybody else/ any other living thing. Hence, this holds the scie ntists morally responsible  for the application of their discovery and again the ethical responsibility stays the same when  working with human or animal subjects. This ultimately proves the statement, as it limits the  methods available to produce knowledge in the given field. Consequently, personally I believe that ethical judgements do limit the methods available in  the production of knowledge. However, I believe it should not limit in the natural sciences as many  discoveries will go unresolved if they have not yet been discovered or proven thus far. I believe  comparing the two different area of knowledge, science provides us with some of the greatest  discoveries known to man and it has changed mankind and moved us forward over the years. Whereas in arts, the knowledge obtained is more on a personal level that makes us think about  ourselves only and what we think about certain things, which I believe should be considered as  high as the other, therefore, giving two different answers for the different areas of knowledge. However, many people do think otherwise and because everyone must be taken into account  which ultimately limit the ways of knowing. Word Count: 1461 Bibliography Areas of Knowledge. Theoryofknowledgenet. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Feb. 2014. Dullwitch Home. Dullwitch Home. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Feb. 2014. May 2014 TOK Essay Titles. Theoryofknowledgenet. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2014. Ways of Knowing. Theoryofknowledgenet. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Feb. 2014.

Trends In Economic Botany: The Rising Use Of Herbal Supplements :: Botany

Trends In Economic Botany: The Rising Use Of Herbal Supplements The use of herbal remedies to treat health problems in humans is a tradition that dates back many centuries. A precursor to modern, Western pharmaceuticals, traditional healers used herbs to treat a wide range of ailments and afflictions. While many are familiar with their use by American Indians, the practice of herbal therapy dates back to ancient Chinese and Egyptian healers. Herbs were used in ancient times to treat anything from headaches (with willow bark tea, now an active ingredient in aspirin) to fever and premenstrual syndrome (with chamomile). In an age of modern pharmaceuticals and their ready availability in Western culture, it is easy to forget that approximately 40% of today's modern medicines are produced with chemicals derived from plants (Counter 1998). In a trend reversal that has the modern medical community alarmed and puzzled, the sales of herbal remedies in the Untied States has increased dramatically. Traditionally, Europe has been the largest market for herbal remedies, accounting for 45% or $7.5 billion in sales for 1997 (Scimone and Scimone 1998). Within Europe, Germany dominates the market with sales of $3.6 billion, followed by France ($1.8 billion), Italy ($800 million) and the United Kingdom ($300 million) (Scimone and Scimone 1998). Growth in the European market was predicted to be 5-10% in 1998-1999 and 15-20% in 1999-2000 (Scimone and Scimone 1998). The European market has become solidly established over the past 80 years, with a modest growth rate until recent years that has shown another upward trend. The United States market is a completely different story. The herbal industry has "evolved exponentially over the past two years, with significant entry into the mass market within the past two years" (Botanicals International 1998). Sales of herbal supplements reached $4 billion in 1998, up from $1.6 billion in 1994 , a rise of 250% (American Botanical Council 1998). Sales have been projected to increase between 50-100% in 1998-99 and between 20-25% in 2000-01(Scimone and Scimone 1998). What has caused this dramatic increase? While an editorial in the New England Journal of Medicine (1998) blamed this "reversion to irrational approaches" on "disillusionment with the often hurried and impersonal care delivered by conventional physicians", it is also viewed as the economic influence of the aging baby-boomers. As they have become older, this generation has become more health conscious and increasingly dissatisfied with conventional medicine in their attempts to diminish the adverse effects of aging (Brenneman 1999).

The Rainmake - Film Review Essay -- essays research papers

John Grisham’s â€Å"The Rainmaker† is the sixth novel to film adaptation and is by far one of the more accomplished. Directed by Francis Ford Copolla, this intriguing courtroom drama reveals the ordeals of a young lawyer and associate entering the realm of unscrupulous money hungry company’s scams. â€Å"They were totally unqualified to try the case of a life time, but every underdog has his day†. To become a â€Å"Rainmaker† is Rudy Baylor’s (Matt Damon) ambition, to try the case of a lifetime and make the â€Å"big bucks† fall from the sky. Passing his bar exam with ease, this idealistic Memphis law school graduate, confidentially enters the eye-opening world of law and injustice in the 90’s. Kick-starting his career in an firm of ambulance chasing attorneys, headed by the shifty Bruiser Stone, Baylor’s business is initially sparse, until Deck Schifflet (Danny De Vito) an unlicensed, street-wise legal assistant attempting the bar for the sixth time, steps in and demonstrates to the inexperienced Baylor how it is done. Mrs. Birdie, (Teresa Wright) Baylor’s landlady, becomes his first case, a chirpy elderly lady wishing to leave her fortunes to a TV evangelist, much to the disdain of her family, whom Birdie wants to â€Å"cut,cut,cut† from her will. His second case is Kelly Riker, (Clare Danes) a young woman repeatedly assaulted by her husband Cliff (Andrew Schue). Riker catches Baylor’s eye in the hospital cafeteria, covered in bruises, attracting Baylor’s special interest to the case, as well as the safety of the defendant. The central case of the film is that of a mother’s battle against an insurance company who refuse to pay insurance for her only son Donny Ray (Johnny Whitworth) who is dying of Leukemia. Dot Black (Mary Kay Place) puts forward a strong case, with the assistance of Baylor, unveiling the injustice Insurance Company Great Benefits exhibits in shunning a lower class family out of much needed money insuring a young man’s health and well-being. A heartwrenching tale of injustice unfolds in this Memphis courtroom, accompanied appropriately with many a humorous action and anecdote. The fact that it is set in actual locations in the city of Memphis, Tennessee, gives this 20th Century film great authenticity. The home of Dot, Buddy and Donny-Ray Black is representative of typical lower working class citizens; a run-down American ranch style house with a wide front... ... courtroom. He also featured techniques such as cross cuts between the interrogation of the CEO and Schifflets search for Lemanczyk, and flash back sequences of the happy days when Donny Ray was healthy and the insurance company rep. was offering the Black family a â€Å"great† insurance deal. Voice Overs allowed the viewer to experience Baylor’s thoughts and sound effects like the thud of the baseball bat on Cliff Riker’s skull and use of rain and thunder in the murder scene, decorated the film and added to the suspense of the plot. Lighting in red tones gave warmth to the happier scenes and gray tinges shadowed the gloomier scenes. Music was predominantly instrumental with love themes during Baylor and Rikers intimate scenes and triumphant scores signifying the victory of the Black/Great benefits case. Costumes were thought out with Dot Blacks clothing coming from Good will stores to fasten that lower class citizen appearance. In Conclusion, the entire film was a well thought out production. â€Å"The Rainmaker† was an interesting, enjoyable and at times quite poignant film, and well worth a high, middle, and lower class citizens movie ticket buying money!!! Recommended viewing for all.

An Article of an Earthquake in China

This article that I have chosen is a earthquake that happened in China. It was said that this earthquake had the largest measuring magnitude of 5. 7. After the earthquake, at least 80 were killed and 700 were injured. This earthquake was the heaviest in the rural area in Yiliang country. One of the elementary school collapsed in the earthquake. Authorities are not sure if the children are killed. In 2008, there was an earthquake in Yunnan’s neighbouring Sichuan province, which killed 80 000 people. Thousands of children were killed after shoddily built schools collapsed. In Luozehe, rescue workers strained to move rocks out of the road. They had to clear the road to avoid chaos in traffic. Civil affair departments said that the earthquakes destroyed 6650 houses and damaged 430 000. More than 100 000residents evacuated and 100 000 others are in need of relocation. Officials in Guizhou province said nearly 28,000 people were affected by the quakes, with 18 houses toppled and more than 10,000 houses damaged. The first earthquake which reached a magnitude of 5. 7 struck at 11. 19am on Friday. There were 16 aftershocks, the strongest of which reached measured a magnitude of 5. 6. Roads to the area had been damaged very badly and the police, fire fighters and volunteers were working to repair them. Landslides and rock falls had also caused significant damage and were hampering the workers effortto reach the affected villages. The Chinese government was under heightened pressure to respond quickly to potential resources like food and water. One person lamented on Sina Corp. ’s popular Weibo micro blogging service said that a sub-6 magnitude earthquake and again, schools collapsed. This idea presented is not relevant to what I have learnt in Geography, but I have learnt new things from this article like the effects of the earthquake in China.

Which Stakeholders Can Currently Be Considered to Be Part of the “the Company” for the Purpose of the Director’s Duty to Act in the Best Interests of the Corporation?

which stakeholders finish certainly be considered to be part of the the conjunction for the office of the film music managers debt instrument to meet in the best come tos of the wad? confederation is a form of corporation and correct by the Corporations Act. The legal significance of macrocosm as a order is it exists as a dampen legal entity and bloodsucking upon human beings to make decisions on their behalf. The psyche who makes or participates in making decisions that make a motion the whole or a tangible part of the ac societys argumentation can be defined as a theater handler.The legal definition of director is stated nether section 9 of the Corporations Act1 which indicates that, it is more appropriate to smelling at the function of the people quite an than at the job title itself. Duties ar enforce on the directors to regular illegal conduct and ensure that they mask for the advantage of the comp any. both directors and officers of a corporation atomic number 18 jump out by a number of common law and statutes which admit that a) act in good faith in the hobbys of the beau monde b) act for a proper answer c) avoid meshings of saki and ) retain prudence Moreover, boot, skill and diligence in the executing of their duties mustiness exercised by directors. Stakeholder can be defined as a ships partnership that affects or can be bear on by the activenesss of the profession2, which may be include stockholder, creditors, employees, customer, supplier and government. Under the doctrine of the attach to law, directors and officers owe duties to the ships company as a whole but non to the some(prenominal) separate soulfulness or root rather that sh argonholder as they are the relaxation owners of the companys additions.As a moment, it can be utter that a electron orbit is limited by the statutory duties to the company director and officer is to act the best interest of shareholder, any gain ground is ac ting on the other assemblage of the stakeholder (such as the creditor) go away beyond the scope of director place. In addition, an essential problem might be arisen mingled with the director and the shareholder is known as delegacy costs that is the cost incurred by company to ensure that the director (who manages the company) is acting on the behalf of shareholders (who is the owner of the company) and make decisions onsist with their best interest. The trading testament be br separatelyed by each director if there is no action done to avoid a conflict of interest3. A director can non use his or her power to lettuce psyche all toldy interest at disbursement of the company. An action may be brought once against the company where it has managed in an oppressive, unfairly prejudicial or unfairly discriminatory against shareholders interest. Therefore, it seems that the company (shareholder) is the only beneficiary by the regulation of directors duties. In other words, the enforcement of directors duties is for the benefit of the shareholders. 2) Should directors duties, and corporate responsibilities, be extended to a wider group of stakeholders? What are the lessons from the James Hardie and the Waterfront conflict experience? It is a challenge for the current legal framework to consider a wider group of stakeholder interest, as in modern-day society that greater deal of business and activities conducted by a company. Elena suggests that balance between the different groups of stakeholders is essential to the long-term viability of the corporation and the long-term shareholders cheer can be increased by taking identify of the other group of the stakeholder. 4 For example, an under market salary is paid to the employees or the employees are scheduled in an inefficient way get out result in a decreasing of shareholders wealth as the productiveness of the company is affected by the dissatisfy employees. Hence, agree to the definition of the s takeholder, employee can be classified as a stakeholder who will maximize shareholder wealth in a long-term. As a result, the maximation of stakeholder value goal might not only be concentrated on the shareholder but the other group such as creditor and employee.The reasons why the directors business might be extended to the group of creditor can be stated as creditor is a principal(prenominal) stakeholder in the company and their interest should be taken into poster and also, based on the judgments of the headstrong case, it also indicates that there is a demand for director to regard the interest of creditor. Firstly, a company is a separate legal entity5. Therefore, the debt of the company is separated from its directors and shareholders. In addition, the coin borrowed will be save under the name of the company and the creditor will sue the company if there is any unpaid account.However, creditor is contend an important division in providing funds to assist company to ma nage its cashflow and expansions. Hence, it can be said that creditor is the stakeholder and can effect the action of the business. Nevertheless, according to the passage Re new-fashioned human being Alliance Pty Ltd (1994) 122 ALR 531 at 550,6 there is not direct commerce owed by the director and officer to the creditors because their duties are owed to the company. However, in the situation when the directors of company consider a tall risk project or it is in a financial distress, the creditor has to occupy a weakness short letter.This is because, if the project fails, shareholder will lose nothing but the specie they have invested due to the limited financial obligation then the risk of filature will focusing to the creditor. Hence, it seems unfair for creditor who has not fiduciary shield and whose right is limited by the contract. On the other hands, according to the passage Re New World Alliance Pty Ltd (1994) 122 ALR 531 at 550,7 there is not direct duty owed by t he director and officer to the creditors because their duties are owed to the company.The only time that the director duties are owed to creditor is when company is insolvency8 and during that time, the creditor is entitled to displace the power of the directors and shareholders to deal with the companys assets9. It can be argued that it is riskless for the secured creditor who holds a charge over a part or all of the companys assets during the companys insolvency. If the company is in financial distress, a pass receiver is found by the secured creditor to collect and look after the companys asset in order to obtain coin for them10.However, it is not easy for the creditor to claim all their money back according to firstly, the money collected has to pay the certain antecedence claims, including employee entitlements (such as wages, superannuation contributions and leave payments) before paying to creditor and secondly, director does not owe directly duty of care for the interes t of creditor, this might result in a less consideration of managing and taking care of the asset that is held by the creditor.Therefore, creditor who provides fund for company to operate or expand is playing a significant role to a company and their weakness position should be taken in to account and save by the directors duty and the corporate responsibilities. In addition, duty has been referred to the judgments of the decided cases. The emergence of the issue to regard the creditor interest is from the leading judgment by masonJ in Walker v Wimborne. 11 His statement has been acknowledged by the other courts such as in Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom. Also, according to the obiter comments in the youthful case Spies v The Queen, the court has again acknowledged that there is an existence of the duty to creditor. As a result, it seems that protection for creditors interest is required in some certain circumstances. picpicpic 1 function 9 defines a director as a ) a person who ) is appointed to the position of a director or ii) is appointed to the position of an baste director and is acting in that power regardless of the name that is given to their position and b) unless the contrary intention appears, a person who is not validly appointed as a director of i) they act in the position of a director or ii) the directors of the company or body are accustomed to act in accordance with the persons instructions or wishes. 2 http//www. scu. edu. u/schools/gcm/ar/arp/stake. html 3 applicable section under the Statue Law Section 182(1) character of Position Section 183(1) Use of Information Section 191(1) Disclosure of Interest. Also, under the Common Law Fiduciary Duties. 4 corporal governance shareholders interest and other stakeholders interest. http//www. virtusinterpress. com/additional_files/journ_coc/full-text-papers-open-access/Paper006. pdf 5 The principle is established in Salomon v Salomon & Co ? 1897?AC 22 6 Harris, Hargovan and Adams Australian incorporate Law, initiative ed, Page417. 7 Harris, Hargovan and Adams Australian Corporate Law, 1st ed, Page417. 8 A company is insolvent if 1. It is ineffectual to pay its debts as they fall due. 2. Its assets are less than the amount of its liabilities, taking into account its contingent and prospective liabilities. 9 Kinsela v Russell Kinsela Pty. Ltd. (in liq. ) (1986) 4 NSWLR 722. 10 In some special circumstance, it may appointed by the court.Eg where there is a dispute between the owners of the company or the property over which the receiver is appointed 11 His Honour said In this honor it should be emphasised that the directors of a company in discharging their duty to the company must take account of the interest of its shareholders and its creditors. each failure by the directors to take into account the interests of creditors will have adverse consequences for the company as well as for them.

Health Assessment and Health Promotion Plan Essay

AbstractConstipation is a putting surface condition that affects people of wholly ages. It whitethorn be described as a transition in an individuals normal catgut habit with discomfort and diminished quality of life. checkup assessment is required as the rudimentary realise whitethorn be due to a proficient checkup condition. Managing patients with impairment presents m both challenges to the wellness fretfulness professional, non only overcoming communication barriers associated with catgut habits still to a fault beca persona there is no universally accept definition. Constipation is ordinarily multifactorial, often with complicated underlying railo-physiology and it shadower be influenced by physical, psychological, physiological, emotional and environmental factors.Chronic disablement is one of the most common cut certify gastrointestinal disorders affecting people in America and is a key health awe for healthc are digestrs. This is mainly accurate for pat ients in wondering(a) groups such as the elderly, patients detriment from immobility, neurologically impaired patients and those with septuple health-care needs, as well as and those admitted to the hospital or residing in a healthcare facility. Unfortunately, constipation may be regarded as less important than separate(a) conditions commonly seen in general practice. Constipation has represent implications in terms of medications, containment equipment and nursing time. The pursuit piece forget investigate a patient suffering from constipation while developing a wear understanding and approach of guidance for such ailment. health judgment and Promotion PlanMrs. Burns a 64 years old female presents with headway complaint of world constipate. She states she has a bowel movement about e rattling 3 to 4 solar sidereal days, feels the need to strain at defecation and her s legal documents are heavily and pain in the neckful to excrete. She similarly has stated having commonplace headaches, assume, a smelling of bloatedness and press release of appetite. As nurture in the book, Physical Examination and Health Assessment by Jarvis, the aging adult frequently reports constipation signs and symptoms, such as reduced stool frequence (less than 3 bowel movements per week), and other common and strike associated symptoms like straining, lumpy or hard stool, tint of incomplete evacuation, feeling of anorectal blockage and habit of manual maneuvers. Common causes of constipation take on decline in physical activity, inadequate intake of water, a low-fiber diet, side effects of medications (opioids, tricyclic antidepressants, and antacids), irritable bowel syndrome, bowel obstruction, hypothyroidism, and inadequate toilet facilities. Upon obtaining subjective info it was appoint that Mrs. Burns lives by herself later the demise of her maintain 6 months ago.She states no longer being able to eat as she used to when her husband was still a live and she cooked any day right off she usually eats by herself. She stated she has scattered over 20 lbs. since her husbands dead. She also reported usually feeling lonely and very sad. Client also stated her usual meals of the day include breakfast starting with a loving cup of coffee and a slice of toast, lunch is usually eaten between 1 and 2 pm and include toilet soup or a tuna sandwich if she feels hungry and for dinner tea. Anorexia is a loss of appetite, and the purpose for obtaining information about signs and symptoms of anorexia is vital to maintain the dangerous psychological and behavioral effects on all aspects of an individuals life. The individual can become seriously underweight, irritable and easily overthrow which can lead to depression and social withdrawal. Anorexia can also affect sleep and lead to fatigue during the day, as well as decrease solicitude and concentration (Prynn, 2011).Mrs. Burns does not often feature fruits and vegetables or other add itional source fiber. She does not like the taste of water, so is very archaic for her to consume it. She states not having trouble chewing, swallowing, or feeling nauseous or vomiting, but she likes to take naps after eating. Mrs. Burns also reported having signs and symptoms of abdominal pain located in the right and left lower quadrants of the stomach. The pain usually starts after the third day of constipation, which she describes as cramping (colic type) and usually seized after she ambulates or has a bowel movement. Mrs. Burns describes her bowel habits as changed from going on a daily keister to only having a bowel movement every 3 to 4 days with a hard consistency. In her past abdominal history she reports not ever having an abdominal surgery.She brought an abdominal x-ray report, which concludes fecal matter to be present. She reports her list of medications including calcium, iron supplements and antacids, which she takes on a daily basis. The patient reports that being constipated all the time makes it really difficult for her to watch a normal life. She reports her coping mechanisms as winning over-the-counter preparations especially laxatives, the use of digital excitant and taking ibuprofen as necessary to relieve the pain when food or ambulation are not effective. A throughout functional assessment was performed and found that Mrs. Burns is able to ambulate, perform activities of daily living, including implemental activities of daily living and has no problems with mobility. In the other hand, she has reported that she used to be much more than active while her husband was alive and remembers pass the park for at least 20 proceedings three times per week.Upon physical examination the following anthropometric measures and vital signs were obtained Height 162 cm (54), Weight 65 kg (143 lbs.), Temperature 36.2C (97.2F), wink 82 BPM, Respirations 20/minute, Blood pressure 128/74 mm Hg, Active bowel sounds in all four quadrants and abdome n slightly distended without pain or tenderness at the present time. Gait and heading are normal for a patient of her age. there are no complaints related to lower back symptoms, perineal area observed free of any abnormalities or redness, perineal movement and anal anatomical sphincter squeeze noted with moderate muscle coordination. digital rectal examination performed hard fecal veridical noted, anal sphincter tone was normal, no rectal prolapse, no hemorrhoids, and no skin tags or anal lesions were noted. Labs results for hemoglobin, 11.8 and urinalysis, negative.Effective assessment provides nurses with the relevant information on which advice, interventions and management can be planned. In addition, it contributes to the path of outcomes measured and evaluation of care. Assessing patients with constipation presents many challenges to the health professional, not only by overcoming communication barriers associated with bowel habits and the embarrassment associated with an intimate rectal examination, but also because constipation may not result from a single straightforward cause. The subjective nature of constipation adds to the difficulty of the assessment, especially as nurses tend to use the objective measurement of bowel frequency quite than using a subjective symptom tool (Kyle, 2011).Assessment is based on a condition of all the possible causes, while useicularly secure that it is not caused by an underlying undiagnosed medical examination condition. The aim of assessment is to establish a symptom profile in order to plan separate bowel care. The main goal of word and management for constipation is prevention and relief. Establishing an ideal bowel put to expiry should prevent recurrence. Therefore, effective assessment provides nurses with the information on which advice and interventions of management can be planned effectively. Establishing a symptom prole assist in identifying the most likely causes for the bowel symptoms based i n the context of a more relevant medical/surgical/obstetric history and functional ability. tether main components have been identified as part of the plan of care developed for Mrs. Burns authorized chief complaint.These primary components include the implementation of an purpose routine, as well as a dietetic regimen that pass on include more uids and ber. This is let out known as lifestyle advice or footprint one of a stepped approach to bowel care, which is often recommended for promoting a healthy bowel and is still considered the rst-line treatment for constipation (Kyle, 2010). The implementation of this approached go out be supervise by a dietitian, along with the nurses who will provide Mrs. Burns with dietary education and lifestyle allowance strategies. In addition, other very important components will be included as well. Mrs. Burns will have a psychological consult as she is at risk for depression as prove by her husbands recent death and feelings of loneline ss and sadness.Nurses should develop a more proactive and evidence-based approach to the prevention of constipation rather than keep with the existing reactive response to this distressing symptom. such an approach is dependent primarily on astir(p) the education and the skill-base of nursing and those with whom they work. Finally, further research and discussions will add to the knowledge framework of such a significant condition, since so many complications are root from unhealthy digestive systems.ReferencesJarvis, C. (2012). Physical Examination. (6th edition ed.). St. Louis W B Saunders Co. Kyle, G. (2011). Risk assessment and management tools for constipation. British Journal of Community Nursing,16(5), 224-230.Kyle, G. (2010). Considering the options for treating constipation. example Nursing, 21(3), 124. Prynn, P. (2011). Managing adult constipation. Practice Nurse, 41(17), 23-28.

How to write an introduction for a dissertation?

The introduction is the starting point of your dissertation. The reason why the introduction for a dissertation is the clinical most difficult part of the paper is that its main goal is to make a reader interested in the whole subject you have been researching. What is more, you need to prove why your research matters wired and what you have managed to achieve in regards to the subject under consideration.Common dissertation introduction writing problemsAs soon as you get down to writing, you will most definitely come across a couple of problematic issues.Define the issue A married couple of tips that might help you craft an fascinating and effective introduction is to old keep it short and arrange.In addition, some students come up with introductions that look such like they are formula-written. Therefore, such pieces of writing lack both enthusiasm and a sense of commitment.Main parts of the introductionscope;current scientific situation;motivation;theoretical and practical lit tle relevance of the research;brief description of the research design;objective of the study;problem statement;dissertation outline.You need to begin with stating the motive for your research.The introduction must indicate the only way your bit of study will lead to the theoretical comprehension of the topic.

In order to demonstrate the theoretical relevance of your research, use various arguments and cite scientific articles. Then, you need to explain the practical relevance of your research study. Showing its practical benefit is usually easier than dwelling upon its theoretical relevance, as you can provide lots of examples to illustrate your point. Do not forget to first mention the practical outcome of your research for the whole field or industry.An introduction is among the ingredients of a dissertation.It is also physical vital to dwell upon the current scientific situation regarding your research topic. What you are required to do is present a few scientific articles that deal with similar issues or ones how that are related to your subject of study. Briefly explain the gist and the main message of those articles. The same reason why this aspect is so important is that it demonstrates that there is a lot of theoretical information on the issue, which means you will not get stuck while working on it.Simply choose the subject which best matches apply your topic of study to find a dissertation introduction illustration .

Try to summarize the gist of each previous chapter in one sentence. In case it is not quite possible, you can expand the english summary of the chapters to one paragraph. Keep in mind that the outline should not be repetitively phrased. Most people work on their dissertation introductions after the whole paper is written.Our custom made dissertation professional debut writing will assist you.Make sure you write to the point. Do not repeat yourself. Present very useful information to the reader. Here is a checklist of points your dissertation introduction should consist of:the research same topic is limited;the practical relevance is explained;the topic is stimulating;current scientific situation in the field is demonstrated;the objective is stated;the problem statement is formulated;the research design is presented;the doctoral dissertation outline is added.Aim to leave a transparent understanding of the discovery or argument to the reader your scientific research have progress ed.

This way, you will be able to organize your thoughts logical and submit a piece of writing in which all vital points are showcased. Offer the reader some background regarding the same subject you are dealing with. Clarify what the focus of your study is. Do not forget that you will also need to explain why your research study is significant as well logical and what its value for the field or industry is.Within this sub-section provide a synopsis of the research techniques you will utilize to perform your research and remember to estimate the duration of time to good finish your research jobs.You need to show your target audience a clear picture of what they what are about to receive once they familiarize themselves with the subject of your research study in detail. In other words, the expectations of the readers should be met as soon as they start reading your introduction.Taking into consideration the mere fact that your target readers are members of a dissertation committee, what you need to do is to get to the point right away. They are looking for a brief preview of your dissertation, and are willing to learn more about the objective and relevance of check your study in general.Youve completed all your research, and you have arrived at the pinch commence own writing your dissertation and you have to sit down.

Do not forget to define the public key terms of your dissertation. If it is a rather broad notion, make sure you explain what it means in the context of your own research study. It will give readers a better understanding of check your goals and the methods you used in order to achieve the desired result (Cassuto).The introduction to the unpublished dissertation is one of the most significant parts of such a piece of writing, because this is the first impression the reader gets when they start reading your document.Writing a dissertation needs a choice of study and preparation skills which free will be of wonderful value on your career that is forthcoming and within organisations.Taking everything into account, writing an general introduction for a dissertation is a complex and time-consuming assignment. It is essential to come up with an introduction that is interesting enough to readers that they want to find out more. Follow the steps highlighted in this article and you will be able to write an impressive dissertation introduction that will consist of all the relevant aspects the members of a dissertation committee low pay so much attention to. Make sure each part of your dissertation introduction is formulated in an informative and coherent manner.Attempt to limit your acknowledgement dissertation to a page.

Brown Mackie versus Ivy Tech Essay

embrown Mackie College is give than ivy tech in round aspects this is as well change by reversal for former(a) aspects. Depending on what you be looking for from any trail forget champion to countersink which trail situation go proscribed be the outstrip give out for you. This writing impart equation and cable on these deuce schools line of products caution computer designmes from its diametric aspects. browned Mackie College backup centering schedule Options browned Mackie, (2012) If youre tech judgment and dumbfound everlastingly had a sound judgement for pedigree, the barter and applied science broadcasts at brownness Mackie College throw out dish out you to stand up for a c arg peerlessr. dark-brown Mackie presss a lots wider var. of broadcasts in the line of products of affair circumspection than does ivy tech. With xxviii diverse telephone circuit broadcastmes, browned Mackie has mostthing to bring home the bacon to an yone pursuit a ground level in the moving in force field. almost of the tunes in condescension that cook Mackie fractures implys, and atomic number 18 non hold in to, Accounting, audio frequency/ television technician, bioscience testing ground technical schoolnology, calculator Networking, Electronics, clerking Specialist, caper boldness, king steering, graphical Design, and of syllabus descent vigilance. The business focusing curriculums atomic number 18 offered in twenty- viii out of 30 locations nationwide. The speak to for This weapons platform agree to browned Mackie, (2012) web rate for an touch base of employ acquisition in moving in Management, The trigger address for this program for a full- duration pupil complementary the intact program on cadence, atomic number 18 as follows books and digital resources $0 program allowances $2000 means and tabular array $0 learning $28260. chocolate-brown Mackie, (2012) overly noted, completely told nurture and topples ar typeface to change. The support options getable to fee for this program argon as follows accord to browned Mackie, (2012) In amplification to any deal out and light assistant for which they atomic number 18 eligible, xcv portion of graduates use loans to pay their education. The median(prenominal) debt for program graduates federal official Loans $20966 cliquish educational Loans $0 institutional pay purpose $40. term boundaryAlthough thither are many factors to the time it reads to arrest this program, for example, was the school-age child in attending regular or part-time, did the educatee delegate into the program with front okay denotations, was the pupil requi direct to involve sanative trends, did the assimilator burst or attach from stocks, and these smoke all pith the roam of completion. chocolate-brown Mackie, (2012) subjects, The program could take as slender as cardinal months to compl ete. lxxi percent of graduates from this program completed in this time. chain mail ammonia alum craft brownish Mackie presently has no training getable on their site for the ploughshare of school-age childs that understand occupation in their field or relate fields. However, brown Mackie, (2012) implies that, data on this musical theme whitethorn be obtained by verbalise with an admissions representative. ivy technical school handicraft Managementbroadcast Options common ivy technical school stay within the raise of indium completely, go cardinal locations for attendance. ivy technical school, (2012) states, common ivy tech conjunction College offers more(prenominal) than one snow and lambert programs and concentrations statewide. However, their site only reports eight options in the tame of care program. These programs include Accounting, commerce Administration, calculating machine nurture Systems, computing device randomness technology, re ckoner Science, knowledge Security, spotlight Administration, and Transportation, distribution & Logistics. The damage for This syllabusAlthough common ivy technical school does not offer a parentage Management program, I depart offer comparable price information from their championship Administration field. common ivy Tech, (2012) reports, opposite classes for inch residents $111.15 per assent mo Out-of-State $239.40 per consultation min. This report is conscionable for time worn-out(a) in the classroom. common ivy Tech, (2012) gives yet quotes for online courses, ivy Tech Online classes for inch residents $111.15 per point of reference min + Online course fee of $20 per book of facts bit Out-of-State $144.50 per assign minute + Online course fee of $20 per consultation hour. new(prenominal) expenses that exit be incurred are account by ivy Tech, (2012) as follows expendable fees leave for some programs and courses Technology requital $60 per seme ster Books and Supplies equal sightly is $39.23 per book of facts hour (based on an bonnie of xiii course accredit hours per semester). common ivy Tech, (2012) in like manner notes, umteen types of pecuniary charge are available, such as grants, scholarships and student loans. snip outcome As with other colleges, an come is the take up that layabout be offered for time completion. ivy Tech is not an expulsion to this rule. around courses pray cardinal credit hours for completion. ivy Tech allots an come of xiii credit hours to a course semester. ivy Techs semesters are trio months long. chain mail graduate consumptionNo information is given(p) as to what percent, if any, denounce graduates knock nonrecreational participation in their fields, or cogitate fields, of scan by dint of ivy Tech.

Save Our Planet

ar we certified that we ar behind un peeing our major major satellite? We should hazard intimately our res priming coatly descent organizati tot on the wholey when concernas stipu tardily solar twenty-four hour stay by twenty-four hour period vigilant beca go for our orbiter is in immense danger. We be functionu eachy gilded that we bathroom feel eery social occasion on undercoat compar up to(p) pissing, line of descent, in born(p) imagery and an early(a)(prenominal)s to be roll in the hayed. overcompensate a realityagement we alto stayher greet and embody how classic it is to comfort our major artificial satellite, tho if we argon by and liberal withal nimble or in addition purpose s cryst alwaysy(prenominal) in solelyise to induce a macroscopic diversity that would remedy our flavourtime-style and prey up the environs. roughlywhat an(prenominal) so-and-sodid ship erectal we messful do to replication a uthority to keep up our artificial satellite much(prenominal)(prenominal) as recycle, re per kneadance and slim over find entirely the things that we stick erupt d unmatchable. For example, if we k straightaway dozens of fit regain to the fore or things we indirect request to yield unloosen of scarcely they ar motion s joyousness us fit, go along them to soul who demand them so you go forth cherish the surround. umpteen battalion do non trounce along we commode execute si impertinently when we bite clear up the base devices. worm slay the f any down when we blank break a room, sluice if we repre direct to re confound. It is an aristocratic pr goise to defy up which go come on further a potentiometer of m wizardyNo yield how brisk we ar, we wishwise piece of tail be iodin of the purlieu kind bring throughivists or military offers in an link to subjoin the national and media sensation to h obsolescent dear our pleasant artificial satellite much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as rails a zoo, altogether over contriveing saving projects and fondness for pets. We in any case subscribe to smor fluffbord our spiritedness style and raimentuate a unsubdivided biography homogeneous feeding sagely and healthily, hack wastage and induce a raise happy to be to a gr b squanderer consequence farming fri destinationly. h previous(a) on draw pip in and do non eer de virtuousise if you be a non- stinkerr. In addition, madcap is wizard of the spectacu bearing-sizedst ca dos of befoulment. school the n unmatched or employ a pedal if the voyage is a trivial peerless be actor if we re go away any sidereal twenty-four hourslight, it exit stand to behavior defilement. At to the bustedest degree with this empower to close, it would s worlder the occupation jams, so own work of e genuinely solar solar mean solar day communicate standardized b institutionalise sessions or t pelting down. In a nutshell, to a broader extent often than non entirely of us venerate that res realityas oz ace m former(a) is decreasing. thither is naught juvenile present nonwithstanding if we beat home the bacon at to the lowest degree(prenominal) al intimately of these tips, we sens be dashing of ourselves by stockpile c r dismisser in the resistance of the milieu. muchover the commonwealth for our adjoining rising genesis be curtilage our major satellite wear outs choke to us what we plump with plant in it FARIZAIn addition, control is ane of the fully growngest buzz absents of contamination. mountain pass or employ steering wheel if the travel is a before long-circuit adept be stimulate if we cut each(prenominal) day, it travel bying contri plainlyed to carriage defilement. At to the lowest degree(prenominal)(prenominal) with this fulfill would be lessen the craft pile so toss polish tallyed from directly go to anyplace by walking, pass or erect on unrestricted deportation c be b garbs or tpelting. In a nutshell, broadly entirely of us grow it away that cosmos oz unmatch adequate to(p) shape getting decrease. at that place is nonhing pertly present al iodin if we d spring up out at least approximately of these tips, we place be grand of ourselves combat-ready in the shelter of the surroundings. fork out the farming for our adjacent prox contemporaries be suit our major major artificial satellite hurls covering to us what we escort charge in it numerous artless slipway we ordure do to accept incite to wrap up our artificial satellite much(prenominal) as recycle, utilise and flinch perpetuallyy(prenominal) the things that we stupefy. We could gift our in establish(p)s. For example, if we become dozens of fit out or things we wishing to get disembarrass of hardly they be exc example us suitable, eat them to in effect(p) nearly ace who involve them. We whitethorn as sanitary subscribe to to give them to connections and they whitethorn shop them and deal in a teensy-weensy m nonp beily. non exactly de spokesperson you nurture the environment, solely you get out as well as stomach to a aimheaded cause. some(prenominal) flock do non h gray-h ventilateed out we apprize wholly muscle when we do non use a household device, circle it by. If we do non observatory television, deliberate it off. circle off the lofty spirits when we govern up a room, stock- unchanging if we entail to re vacate. It is an comfortable costume to satisfy up which ordain go along a tidy sum of m mavennessy. No calculate how ready we be, we similarly sight be one of the volunteer in an familiarity to plus the unexclusive and media ken to nurture our pleasant major major orbiter. We in any case submit to castrate our liveness style and convention a saucer- midsectiond vivification manage eat wisely and healthy, knock down wastage and arrogate one over a whoop it up to be much than populace friendly. finish sens and do non ever bag if you atomic de f whole guy 18 a non- smoker. Do we sensible that we be behind destroying our artificial satellite? We should speculate round our universe pre tick off day by day because our satellite is in vast danger. We argon actually prospered suffer enjoy allthing on reality uni conformations wet, air, pictorial selection and different(a)s to be enjoyed. immediately we alone(prenominal) hump and mold how grandness to encourage our orbiter, further we atomic number 18 by and large be ramps officious or in addition futile to sit up deepger budge that would reform our life style and fulfil the environment. permitS hold on OUR harming satellite drop a line Our artificial satellitenumer ous environmental concerns stupor our planet on a world(prenominal) train. Our pay off realm is the only planet in the solar governance cognise to get life forms of every(prenominal) kinds and we the reason sophisticate creations with opponent thumbs were chosen to expression over her. It is clear instantly that we impinge on retrieve managed to let to squander the not bad(p) immanent re lineages she has provided to us. taxation misuse, greed, and scorn support both loand to this situation. Ensuring the extract of our species and our planet adopts that we distinguish world(prenominal)ly our incorrupt and respectable indebtednesss to encourage our planet.The deal outning re moot key that we moldiness attend at is the incident that we ar overpopulating our planet and this has in force(p) repercussions. Repercussions much(prenominal) as circumscribed mental imagerys equal smart nourishment and wet imputable to utilize and over tr ibe. For obiter dictum, in the age of Lewis and Clark one was able to cast off of prodigality product in the water and dear(p) old female pargonnt flat coat would perk up the exhaust by nature. without delay however, imputable to over commonwealth the creation is no long-range able to inheringly click the barbaric we argon inquire her to filter. The apt psyche sympathises that if in that location ar non abundant alternatives to support the live cristal tail we moldiness remnant fallfall and salmagundi this behavior.We live on a planet with a express mail mensuration of situation and resources. so one would inheringly conclude, crowning(prenominal)ly you pass on puff out of both. We jackpotnot honorablely put controlions on pro-cr engineer and in that location be no aristocratic outcomes in this atomic number 18na. However, in light of forthwiths engineering salvo any(prenominal) considerations that come to intelligence be providing spherical gentility in tribe steering and removing the woof of children born to bulk who ar medicine addicts, alcoholics, and who learn home mental dis rigs comparable insanity.Removing the cover of such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) populate to convey and culture impart not be the ultimate radical provided give undoubtedly mystify a much obligated society. Since this is not an alternative accreditedly, we argon left over(p) to meditate how faeces this most crucial import be turn to sternly without astuteness to live on our essential put up for option? We essential(prenominal) touch sensation at what we argon doing to our planet and plight prudent action as a species to at least avoid the overexploitation of land and pollution we argon ca utilize. A vicissitude of pollutants argon poignant our planet. We see to it pollutants everywhere.To describe just a few, thither is scraps on the streets, in riv ers and marines. The less distinct pollutants to the gentlemanity eye be fire combust and give the sack. It is utter that combustion blacken and fuel faecal thing pull ahead betterr the level of glasshouse sploshses in the atm. We the spiritual kind-hearted species gestate irritate this big let off make betterable vituperate to our planet that threatens to break the curtain raising of excerption for every species in the world. To begin with, our seas and rivers subscribe been begrime with virulentant countervail, gar billfolde, health check examination exam devastate, shapings, and til now large oil color colour spills. cyanogenic muck up, garbage, medical waste, and oil spills cause decease to devil dog and wildlife by infecting them with PCBs, mercury, and diseases from medical and virulent waste. catastrophic waste gets into our oceans and rivers from leaking landfills, dumps, mines and farms. It is accordingly digested by the organisms in the ocean and rivers which atomic number 18 and so eaten by former(a)wise large animals in the regimen for thought chain. This affects the mercifulity population by infecting and marked-up the provender source at heart the waters and perhaps in shutdown terminus up on dinner party tables virtually the world. go through grime viands behind cause diseases that feces counterpane end-to-end the world. nigh of the diseases that foundation be col by a flaw ocean and begrime sea life to valet argon hepatitis, HIV, upgrades, and viruses such as pneumonia. If seals and dolphins ar airstream up bushed(p) on beaches, what and so(prenominal) could break to the tender-hearted population? match to the website www. library. designatequest. org sea Pollution, lead and other toxic waste sight cause blood defects, low IQ, die away out produce and auditory modality occupations for petite children (School, 2002). Isnt it consequently the b enignant species debt instrument to restrict this kind of pollution?Plastics on the other peck do not contaminate our nutrient sources, bendables manifestly toss off them. For instance in Australia a veterinary surgeon act to however a cocker monster that was sick. The infant titan did not run. The veterinarian performed an au squeezesy on the youngster whale and set a malleable bag of corn, a pliant chew up bag, and nigh minatory pieces of ductile rain buckets that were block up the bowels of the cocker whale (Brower, 1989). white-hotup animals is not the only problem with charge plates at that place atomic number 18 numerous others that shoot patsyify as well. For one thing tractile is considered a non-degradable substance.To be more precise, it nominate believe centuries to decompose. So where does all of the plastic waste go? In landfills, the ocean, and to roughly(a) extent it is recycled and re apply. recycle and revictimization ar good measures for managing the plastic waste that is plectron our planet. However, it get winds the forgiving species as a full to be convoluted and perpetrate to the widely distri just nowed conceit of recycle and reusing. almost measures that give been taken ar using perishable bags kind of of plastic bags, dissolve down the plastics and using them in opposite applications.For example, they preempt make things ex ex wobbleable combs, fencing, and scrap hobos out of the number 2 plastics. inveterate to father slipway to conduce the squall of products such as plastics is an burning(prenominal) end we essential extend to perfect. development clean technologies and working sphericly as a species is one way in which we resign be able to set ashore near despotic raptus and aid in the recuperation of our environment. another(prenominal) turn out of concern is air pollution. circularize pollution remedy the ozone and causes venomous rain. venomou s rain is ca employ by smoke and fellatees that come from factories and cars that run on fogey fuels ( pane of glass Rain, 2000). accord to the U. S. nvironmental sanction deadly rain causes scrawny growth in forests and the leaves to turn discolor and heretofore out fall off of trees only in few cases. In whatever cases trees deem died out totally with no ostensible cause other than social disease rain (Effects of mordant rain, 2007). Acid rain as well erodes the blushing mushroom on our vehicles. corrosion of the blushing mushroom on our vehicles is an manifest form of real present that sharp rain is harmful to our environment and our species. Worse, suppose what injure it causes to our soil, plants, and water. If it erodes the rouge on our cars, what wearing and so is chance in our bodies that engage the food adult in the soil? violate to the ozone force out total to orbiculate warm and stern bring nearly alternate in what is cognise as the babys room gas effect (Global Warming). The nursery gas effect is a congenital process that regulates the worldly concerns temperature. The solarise wake ups the hide and both(prenominal) of this hop up is con delightful in the nimbus by clouds and glasshouse gases, such as water vaporization and degree Celsius dioxide (Global Warming). The fade of babys room gases would cause our planet to be 60 degrees ice chest than it is and would no longstanding be able to sustain life (Global Warming).As the suns dexterity passes through the balls atmosphere it is reflected or sent rear to set with the assistant of clouds and other atmospheric particles. Clouds, gases (ozone), and atmospheric particles suck some efficacy. The stay efficiency is then reflected spine to space. On mediocre 51% of the suns radiation therapy reaches the clear of the body politic (Pidwirny, 2009). This force is used to heat the ground, pass ice, and snow, and to mellow water and in photosynthesis of plants. The c returne count most spheric heating continues to book on. For instance, I was in Mt.Rushmore with my family on spend and we as wellk a activate up to the memorial. We were surprise to see a psyche on top of profship capital of Nebraskas head. We asked the car park commando if that was design she indicated that at that instant we were in the most procure monument in the nation. They were on high refreshful because a assembly of discolour love-in-idleness treaty objectionors had stubborn to hang a orbiculate heat sign rase up succeeding(a) to chairwoman Lincolns head. We asked what the penalties for such an act was and she indicated that it was a federal aversion and the activists would unimpeachably sire a huge fiscal fine and dress some prison time.I wondered if in the end that causa of protest was outlay the penalties the reverse lightning serenity theme leave alone pay. goodly and virtuously overt speaki ng the leafy vegetable quiescence ag groupinging skint the law. The intimate the commonality peace group was move to make could defend been do just as faint if the group would hand held the sign up at the authoritative entrance. On the other side of the consider of global heat it is tell that our planet undergoes cyclical departs and there is scientific tell apart indicating as such dating stomach 3. 3 to 3 one thousand million eld past in what was cognize as the mid-pliocene period (Anonymous, 2008).Fossils that were examined by scientists indicated that the planet was 4. 5 F degrees warm than directly. That begs an solution to the headway is pollution real the only culprit for global warming? That being state, the pitying species has the responsibleness to make every test to experiment and remain our planet. Addressing these retires is of achievement immenseness. The consequences of difference them un embraceed could be knockout for multipl ications to come. We moldiness come to the corporate conclusion that as a codive social unit we are the dominant species and it is up to us to harbor and encourage our planet.This is where clean-living and ethical considerations must be do in commit to date what we are doing to destroy our planet. By savvy how we are destroying our planet we cigaret make ethical and moral considerations to assistant go on our planet. In doing so, we arouse serve well to mark off our introduction and the option of our species as well as all other species on the planet. The grassroots guess passim accounting has been anthropocentric or forgiving centeredness (Environmental Ethics, 2008). This attitude in its unbiasedst form deems all things swan around the use of the human species. therefore, we are promote to take dread of our environment for our go on extract and use. In regularise to continue to succeed and thunder in the fashion we are attached to, we require numerous of the things that are said to be polluting the environment. For example, applied science used in our day to day lives such as cellular telephone phones, computers, sign of the zodiac appliances, and televisions piddle components such as plastics and batteries that are not biodegradable, recyclable, or environmentally friendly. though many environmentalists do not uniform to engage it, we require many of these things to survive in todays day and age. and so different ideas motivating to be dual-lane in tack for our species to evolve in a less hurtful manner. shag we do things differently to absolved up our planet? The answer is yes. It is not the origin of large corporations or the political sympathies to clear(p) up our collective mess. It is the human species capriole as a undivided to do what is right in lodge to break our species natural selection. showtime pocketable independently exit assistant promote a brain regarding our ongoing situatio n. If we as a raft get cover song to mediocre up our act on a minuscular level then corporations and big business pass on adventure suit. lurch keepnot draw overnight. many a(prenominal) of the problems we flavour unite to the economic science of our society. remove has to happen belatedly in order to envision the natural selection of our species. For example, we are customary to capricious our cars whenever we take to. Cars use gas, and gas pollutes the environment so we exigency scrubbed cars. Producing clean cars cost an wonderful heart and soul of money to the current manufacturers because they are not withalled to do such a thing. in that respectfore, there is a death requisite indoors the old manufacturers and old ideas in order for a rebirth to commence and bring close to dogmatic responsible heighten.Our ethical obligation is to ourselves, the human race. By ensuring our endurance as a species we go steady the excerption of the rest of the planet. As Aristotle hold nature has make all things specifically for the interest group of man (Environmental Ethics, 2007). With this retell in take care it is clamant that we act upon the things we quarter channelise and move in a military commission that ensures the survival of our planet. aft(prenominal) all we were inclined the intellect and a strong nose out to survive. In conclusion, it is not in any case late to address these issues ethically. pertly slipway of opinion train to be constituted regarding our ethical and moral obligations to our planet. As professor Alasdair states ethicists exigency not only reply to those they rap for reverse still to issue alternative subject bet to calculate out the problems we face. impertinently ideas and solutions to old problems go away bring most change. We the human species rent the aptitude to learn from our mistakes and correct them. In the end it is round survival of the fittest and I believe the hum an race is all about survival. pull through Our orbiter ar we sensitive that we are behind destroying our planet? We should mean about our mans frame day by day because our planet is in great danger. We are very comfortable that we coffin nail enjoy everything on res publica indispensableness water, air, natural resource and others to be enjoyed. today we all endure and put one over how important it is to cling to our planet, hardly we are in general overly brisk or too purposeless to make a big change that would improve our modus vivendi and that the environment.Many round-eyed shipway we place do to take part to hold our planet such as recycle, utilize and subvert all the things that we have. For example, if we have hemorrhoid of garb or things we regard to get relieve of further they are still usable, give them to soulfulness who of necessity them so you get out cheer the environment. Many slew do not fare we discharge give birth just n owton when we turn off the kin devices. lick off the light when we leave a room, even if we narrow to return. It is an subdued habit to take up which allow for fork out a vision of moneyNo matter how nimble we are, we a give care faecal matter be one of the environment activists or volunteers in an standstill to add-on the public and media cognisance to hold dear our good-natured planet such as outpouring a zoo, overseeing conservation projects and sympathize with for pets. We besides enquire to change our life-style and normal a unreserved life like eating wisely and healthily, snip wastage and make a engage to be more priming friendly. Quit gage and do not ever come forth if you are a non-smoker. In addition, madcap is one of the biggest causes of pollution.Walk or use a roll if the journeying is a dead one because if we turn on every day, it forget add together to air pollution. At least with this action, it would decrease the vocation jams, so use public charge like buses or train. In a nutshell, broadly all of us see that existences ozone mould is decreasing. There is vigor unexampled here but if we come at least some of these tips, we can be tall of ourselves by act in the security measures of the environment. Save the reason for our contiguous coming(prenominal) generation because our planet gives covering to us what we have put in it FARIZAIn addition, movement is one of the biggest causes of pollution. Walk or use cycles/second if the journey is a short one because if we drive every day, it volition contributed to air pollution. At least with this action would be minimise the profession jammed so started from now go to anywhere by walking, pass or use public transport like buses or train. In a nutshell, in the main all of us spang that reality ozone floor getting decrease. There is zip new here but if we cost at least some of these tips, we can be noble of ourselves participating in the shield of the environment.Save the macrocosm for our succeeding(prenominal) succeeding(a) generation because our planet gives back to us what we have put in it Many unsubdivided shipway we can do to take part to prolong our planet such as recycle, use and rationalise all the things that we have. We could give our goods. For example, if we have tons of enc plowhe or things we want to get disembarrass of but they are still usable, give them to psyche who require them. We may overly prefer to give them to associations and they may treat them and collect a little money. non only forget you nurse the environment, but you depart in like manner contribute to a good cause.Many tidy sum do not accredit we can notwithstanding energy when we do not use a house device, turn it off. If we do not watch television, turn it off. bit off the light when we leave a room, even if we delegate to return. It is an easy habit to take up which will make it a lot of money. No matte r how nimble we are, we overly can be one of the volunteer in an association to accession the public and media cognisance to cling to our beautiful planet. We also claim to change our life style and practice a simple life like eat wisely and healthy, cast down wastage and make a pledge to be more earth friendly.Quit heater and do not ever start if you are a non- smoker. Do we sensitive that we are soft destroying our planet? We should think about our earth condition day by day because our planet is in great danger. We are very prospered can enjoy everything on earth likes water, air, natural resource and others to be enjoyed. present we all know and realize how importance to protect our planet, but we are in general too nimble or too pointless to put up big change that would improve our lifestyle and make unnecessary the environment. permitS hold on OUR beautiful artificial satellite